health answers:

First you need to make sure you truly have BPH and not prostate cancer. This requires you visiting the doctor.
Flomax has shown to actually reduce the size of the prostate instead of just alleviating the symptoms. I don’t know much about the Prostate Defense product. I would ask your doctor, read the Rx insert for Flomax (download it online or ask the pharmacist) and read all the info on the Prostate Defense before making a decision.

health answers:

It means that if you take those particular types of high blood pressure medications in combination with the diphenhydramine, the effects on blood pressure lowering will be intensified and could cause the patient to feel faint when the get up rapidly from a laying position.

Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker that works by relaxing the blood vessels (vasodilating) so the heart doesn’t have to pump as hard.

health answers:

There goes the answers to your questions:

Adrenergic agonists are effective in reducing intra ocular pressure.. (IOP).. This is a well established fact… Their mechanism of action is by increasing conventional trabecular uveoscleral outflow of aquoes from the anterior chamber of the eye so reducing the IOP.

There are two types of adrenergic agonist… Which are

A) non selective: as epinephrin (eyedrops preparation called epifirin)… But although these agents decrease IOP they are no longer used in treating glaucoma due to multiple side effects… As irritation and mydriasis and CME and rapid tolerance..
You will hardly find any physician really treating glaucoma using epinephric nowadays..

B) selective adrenergic agonists:.. These agents selectively stimualte alpha 2 adrenergic receptors.. Teh best known highly selective alpha 2 adrenergic agonist is brimonidine.. Known in the market as Alphagan eyedrops.. Very popular… That drug by selectively stimulating the alpha 2 receptors only will decrease IOP while avoiding the side effects that were caused by nonselective agents that stimulated all receptor types… So it doesn’t cause pupil dilatation like the nonselective agents.. The drug Alphagan is used in markets widely nowadays and is a good effective drug and is a selective alpha 2 agonist..

As for Beta blockers.. .: they are effective agents in reduction of IOP.. And they are still used in the market .. As Timolol.. Or in the famous combination eye drops Cosopt which is a combination of beta blocker and acetazolamide.. Beta blockers do NOT cause pupilary constriction.. They just have systemic side effects that can be serious sometimes and are contraindicated in some cases as asthma and heart block.. Their mechanism of IOP reduction is by inhibiting cAMP production so reduce aquoes secretion..

You should not really try to explain the mechanism of action of every anti-glaucoma medicaiton by its effect on the pupil..

All of the antiglaucoma medications can be used in open angle and angle closure glaucoma.. With some preferences of course..

However the important MIOTIC to use in termination of angle closure glaucoma attack is Pilocarpine which is a parasympathomimetic agent.. Directly acting on cholinergic receptors.. It does cause miosis.. But other than miosis it is a potent antiglaucoma medication that decreases IOP and can be used in treating open angle glaucoma but is no more in fashion due to side effects and the availbility of better medications nowadays..

One thing in your question: cholinergic drugs are parasympathomimetics not lytics.. That is they mimic parasypmathetic… Like pilocarpine that act on end organ cholinergic receptors.. The betablocker eye drops doesn’t act on the autonomic nervous system at all.. Although it is a parasympatholyitic in theory… But it acts on teh beta receptors present on ciliary epithiliuem decreasing aqous production.. I hope this is clear..

As for benzodiazepines .. It is a group of tranquilizer drugs.. Why would it be used in glaucoma?!

You might have meant brinzolamide. Or acetazolamide. And both belong to the group of carbonic anhydraze inhibitor. Both of these drugs are used in glaucoma treatment.. Available in the market as eyedrops preparation Azopt (Alcon), and Trusopt (MSD).. And in combination as Cosopt (MSD)
and acetazolamide can be takes orally as cidamex tabs or injections (Diamox) for management of acute glaucoma attacks.

Answers provided are not medical advice – you should always consult your doctor.

Books About Glaucoma

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Essential information about glaucoma and its treatment is presented here in a simple question and answer format to allow patients to participate actively in the decision-making process along the road to successful maintenance of their vision. >Read more …

TITLE: Glaucoma: Expert Consult Premium Edition – Enhanced Online Features, Print, and DVD, 2-Volume Set, 1e

Recent dramatic advances in diagnosis, as well as medical and surgical treatment, mean that you can offer your glaucoma patients more timely and effective interventions. This brand-new clinical reference delivers the comprehensive, expert guidance you need to make optimal use of these new approaches.online, in print, and on video on DVD! Get in-depth guidance on all aspects of adult and pediatric glaucoma with one volume devoted to diagnosis and medical treatment, and another that focuses on surgical techniques. Presents world-class expertise through advice from leading specialists across six continents. Captures key diagnostic findings and operative procedures with 1,200 high-quality images and photographs-1,000 in full color-that highlight nuances of glaucoma presentation and treatment. Covers all aspects of adult and pediatric glaucoma in Volume One, and the latest diagnostic imaging techniques including ultrasound biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography. Guides you through the newest surgical techniques-such as trabeculectomy, gonio-surgery, combined surgeries, and implant procedures-in Volume Two.

Features an entire section devoted to new horizons, including the latest in stem cell research, gene transfer, and implants. Allows quick reference thanks to a well-organized, user-friendly full-color layout. Provides access to the contents of the book online with downloadable images, Gold Standard drug information, and more. Includes a DVD that features 25 diagnostic and surgical techniques being performed in real time on video. Your purchase entitles you to access the web site until the next edition is published, or until the current edition is no longer offered for sale by Elsevier, whichever occurs first. If the next edition is published less than one year after your purchase, you will be entitled to online access for one year from your date of purchase. Elsevier reserves the right to offer a suitable replacement product (such as a downloadable or CD-ROM-based electronic version) should online access to the web site be discontinued.

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